IP Ratings Explained: The Complete Guide

Understanding IP ratings is essential when specifying lighting and electrical equipment for different environments. An IP rating (Ingress Protection rating) defines how well a product is protected against dust and water, based on the international BS EN 60529 standard.

Whether you’re designing for transport, healthcare, custodial or public environments, selecting the correct IP rating ensures long-term durability, safety, and compliance.

This guide provides a complete overview and links to more detailed resources across our site.

Protection Against Solids (First Digit)

• 0 – No protection
• 4 – Protection against objects >1mm
• 5 – Dust-protected
• 6 – Dust-tight

Protection Against Water (Second Digit)

• 0 – No protection
• 4 – Splashing water
• 5 – Water jets
• 7 – Temporary immersion
• 8 – Continuous immersion
• 9K – High-pressure, high-temperature jets

Both digits must be considered together. Strong dust protection does not compensate for poor water resistance.

Choosing the correct Ingress Protection rating depends on where the product is installed.

Indoor Environments

• Typically require IP20–IP44
• Used in dry or low-risk areas

Bathrooms & Wet Areas

• Usually require IP44 or higher
• Dependent on zoning

Outdoor Applications

• Require IP65 or higher
• Must withstand rain, dust, and environmental exposure

Industrial & Harsh Environments

• Typically require IP67+
• Exposure to washdowns, debris, and high-pressure cleaning

At Designplan, Ingress Protection performance is verified through in-house laboratory testing.

Testing includes:

• Dust chamber testing (IP5X / IP6X)
• High-pressure water jet testing
• Simulated rainfall exposure
• Immersion testing for higher IP ratings

This ensures every luminaire performs reliably in real-world conditions and meets the required IP classification.

IP ratings are critical for ensuring durability, safety, and performance. By understanding how they work and selecting the appropriate level of protection, you can ensure reliable operation across any environment.

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